Vaping likely to cause cancer study Vaping: what you need to know ASH Many people believe that vaping is less harmful than smoking, but that's a common misconception. In fact, in addition to nicotine, vapes can contain toxic chemicals that could be linked to cancer, Vaping is a cancer risk although less so than smoking, researchers say New research from UNSW Sydney confirms vaping is likely to cause lung and oral cancer. The study shows these devices pose a direct risk, regardless of tobacco history.